Nursing care models

Abstract

Health conditions and care models reflect the social structure in which they are immersed. The countries of Latin America and Mexico have faced very important changes due to the epidemiological transition in recent decades and, at the level of health institutions, multiple challenges have been observed, typical of less developed systems; namely: insufficient coverage or deficient technical quality versus problems inherent in the advanced ones - price escalation and technological expansion among others. Hence, each country designs a system and a model of health care according to its economic structure: unified public, atomized private, public contract, segmented or an innovator called structured pluralism. All of them represent for nursing the opportunity to recognize unattended areas in health care, diversify the techniques for caring for the sick and work on terminal products. Further; There are models for nursing care based on recognition and management: advice, management by programs or product lines, model around the patient, directed care, health care with emphasis on self-care, health maintenance or service at home, which have been implemented in Europe, Asia and the United States. In Mexico we have the experience of the UNI-UANL program that has models based on nursing diagnoses in the first level of care to offer complete and terminal services. The described experiences can be useful to reflect within the profession on the possibility of showing the value and social contribution of the nurse.