e-ISSN: 2448-8062
ISSN: 0188-431X
Open Journal Systems
Perfil epidemiológico de infecciones asociadas a la atención de salud en un hospital de Querétaro / Epidemiological profile of infections associated with health care in a Hospital in Querétaro
Resumen
Resumen
Introducción: las infecciones asociadas a la atención de salud (IAAS) representan una problemática adicional a las condiciones clínicas que llevan a la persona a hospitalizarse ya que se incrementan las complicaciones.
Objetivo: analizar el perfil epidemiológico de las IAAS de los pacientes atendidos en la Clínica Hospital Dr. Ismael Vázquez Ortiz de Querétaro, México.
Metodología: estudio transversal, que consideró 571 registros con IAAS del periodo 2015 a 2019. Se elaboró tabla de supervivencia a intervalos de 7 días, se comparó promedio de días de estancia intrahospitalaria a partir del resultado de Gram en el cultivo. Se empleó un modelo de regresión de Cox para control de factores de confusión.
Resultados: la mediana de estancia intrahospitalaria en pacientes con IAAS fue 13 días siendo la infección más frecuente la de sitio quirúrgico. Los 3 principales patógenos encontrados fueron Escherichia coli (24.3%), Pseudomona aeruginosa (11.2%) y Staphylococcus aureus (9.8%).
Conclusiones: los días de estancia intrahospitalaria y los principales patógenos causantes de IAAS son similares a lo reportado en la literatura internacional; existen diferencias por tipo de infección nosocomial aunque esto podría deberse a la mayor proporción de adultos mayores que son atendidos en el Hospital Dr. Ismael Vázquez Ortiz de Querétaro.
Abstract
Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) represent an additional problem to the clinical conditions that lead to hospitalization since complications are increased.
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of HAIs in patients treated at the Dr. Ismael Vázquez Ortiz Hospital Clinic in Querétaro, Mexico.
Methodology: Cross-sectional study, which considered 571 records with HAIs from 2015 to 2019. Survival table was elaborated at 7-day intervals, the average number of days of in-hospital stay was compared based on the Gram result in the culture. A Cox regression model was used to control for confounding factors.
Results: The median in-hospital stay in patients with HAIs was 13 days, the most frequent infection being surgical site infection. The 3 main pathogens found were E scherichia coli (24.3%), Pseudomona aeruginosa (11.2%) and Staphylococcus aureus (9.8%).
Conclusions: In-hospital days of stay and the main pathogens causing HAIs are similar to those reported in the international literature; there are differences by type of nosocomial infection, although this could be due to the higher proportion of older adults treated at the Dr. Ismael Vázquez Ortiz Hospital in Querétaro.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
PDFReferencias
Organización Mundial de la Salud. Prevención y control de infecciones asociadas a la atención de la salud. Recomendaciones básicas [Internet]. 2017. Disponible en: https://www3.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_docman&view=download&category_slug=publicaciones-tecnicas-investigacion-5602&alias=40356-prevencion-control-infecciones-asociadas-a-atencion-salud-recomendaciones-basicas-2018-356&Itemid=270&lang=es
Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Salud y enfermedad en condiciones de privación de libertad. Diagnóstico epidemiológico [Internet]. 2016. Disponible en: https://www.paho.org/uru/dmdocuments/Diagnostico%20%20Epidemiologico%20FINAL%20compres.pdf.
Magill SS, O’Leary E, Janelle SJ, Thompson DL, Dumyati G, Nadle J, et al. Changes in Prevalence of Health Care-Associated Infections in U.S. Hospitals. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(18):1732-44.
Manoukian S, Stewart S, Graves N, Mason H, Robertson C, Kennedy S, et al. Bed-days and costs associated with the inpatient burden of healthcare-associated infection in the UK. J Hosp Infect.2021;114:43-50.
Teixeira H, Freitas A, Sarmento A, Nossa P, Gonçalves H, Pina M de F. Spatial Patterns in Hospital-Acquired Infections in Portugal (2014-2017). Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(9):4703.
Etemad Medsk, Khani Y, Hashemi-Nazari S-S, Izadi N, Eshrati B, Mehrabi Y. Survival rate in patients with ICU-acquired infections and its related factors in Iran’s hospitals. BMC Public Health. 24 de abril de 2021;21(1):787.
Stewart S, Robertson C, Kennedy S, Kavanagh K, Haahr L, Manoukian S, et al. Personalized infection prevention and control: identifying patients at risk of healthcare-associated infection. J Hosp Infect. 2021;114:32-42.
Zingg W, Holmes A, Dettenkofer M, Goetting T, Secci F, Clack L, et al. Hospital organisation, management, and structure for prevention of health-care-associated infection: a systematic review and expert consensus. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015(2):212-24.
Haustein T, Gastmeier P, Holmes A, Lucet J-C, Shannon RP, Pittet D, et al. Use of benchmarking and public reporting for infection control in four high-income countries. Lancet Infect Dis. 2011;11(6):471-81.
Valentine JC, Hall L, Verspoor KM, Worth LJ. The current scope of healthcare-associated infection surveillance activities in hospitalized immunocompromised patients: a systematic review. Int J Epidemiol. 2019;48(6):1768-82.
Grundmann H, Hellriegel B. Mathematical modelling: a tool for hospital infection control. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006;6(1):39-45.
von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP, et al. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. BMJ. 2007;335(7624):806-8.
Stewart S, Robertson C, Pan J, Kennedy S, Haahr L, Manoukian S, et al. Impact of healthcare-associated infection on length of stay. J Hosp Infect. 2021;114:23-31.
Iskandar K, Roques C, Hallit S, Husni-Samaha R, Dirani N, Rizk R, et al. The healthcare costs of antimicrobial resistance in Lebanon: a multi-centre prospective cohort study from the payer perspective. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21(1):404.
Zimlichman E, Henderson D, Tamir O, Franz C, Song P, Yamin CK, et al. Health care-associated infections: a meta-analysis of costs and financial impact on the US health care system. JAMA Intern Med. 2013;173(22):2039.
Cristina ML, Spagnolo AM, Giribone L, Demartini A, Sartini M. Epidemiology and Prevention of Healthcare-Associated Infections in Geriatric Patients: A Narrative Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(10):5333.
Chmielarczyk A, Pomorska-Wesołowska M, Romaniszyn D, Wójkowska-Mach J. Healthcare-Associated Laboratory-Confirmed Bloodstream Infections-Species Diversity and Resistance Mechanisms, a Four-Year Retrospective Laboratory-Based Study in the South of Poland. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(5):2785.
Davey P, Marwick CA, Scott CL, Charani E, McNeil K, Brown E, et al. Interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices for hospital inpatients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;2:CD003543.
Liu C, Cao Y, Lin J, Ng L, Needleman I, Walsh T, et al. Oral care measures for preventing nursing home-acquired pneumonia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;9:CD012416.
Moralejo D, El Dib R, Prata RA, Barretti P, Corrêa I. Improving adherence to Standard Precautions for the control of health care-associated infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;2:CD010768.
Lotfinejad N, Peters A, Tartari E, Fankhauser-Rodriguez C, Pires D, Pittet D. Hand hygiene in health care: 20 years of ongoing advances and perspectives. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021;21(8):e209-21.
Luangasanatip N, Hongsuwan M, Limmathurotsakul D, Lubell Y, Lee AS, Harbarth S, et al. Comparative efficacy of interventions to promote hand hygiene in hospital: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2015;351:h3728.
Grayson ML, Stewardson AJ, Russo PL, Ryan KE, Olsen KL, Havers SM, et al. Effects of the Australian National Hand Hygiene Initiative after 8 years on infection control practices, health-care worker education, and clinical outcomes: a longitudinal study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018;18(11):1269-77.
Mitchell BG, Hall L, White N, Barnett AG, Halton K, Paterson DL, et al. An environmental cleaning bundle and health-care-associated infections in hospitals (REACH): a multicentre, randomised trial. Lancet Infect Dis.2019;19(4):410-8.
Gould DJ, Moralejo D, Drey N, Chudleigh JH, Taljaard M. Interventions to improve hand hygiene compliance in patient care. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;9:CD005186.
Kelčíková S, Mazúchová L, Malinovská N, Kopincová J, Tonhajzerová I. Evaluation of hand hygiene: Is university medical education effective in prevention of hospital-acquired infections? Cent Eur J Public Health. 2021;29(2):102-8.
Falagas ME, Kompoti M. Obesity and infection. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006;6(7):438-46.
Odoyo E, Matano D, Georges M, Tiria F, Wahome S, Kyany’a C, et al. Ten Thousand-Fold Higher than Acceptable Bacterial Loads Detected in Kenyan Hospital Environments: Targeted Approaches to Reduce Contamination Levels. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(13):6810.
Enlaces refback
- No hay ningún enlace refback.
Envíe este artículo por correo electrónico (Inicie sesión)